In order to meet the urgent requirements of space remote sensing, a spaceborne wide-angle aerosol imager prototype with low-distortion and uniform image surface is designed. The illuminance distribution on image plane is improved by using effective aberration vignetting resulted from stop aberration, and the problem of non-uniform illuminance on the image plane of wide-angle optical system. The distortion is corrected by choosing appropriate optical structure. The optical elements are all spherical face, so it is easy to fabricate and test. The central wavelength is 670 nm, wavelength band is 20 nm, and full field of view is 72°, the relative aperture is 1∶3.6, and the focal length is 20 mm. Experiments show that the entrance pupil size is 5.6 mm, the relative illuminance of edge field of view is 95.6%, the MTF of on-axis FOV is more than 0.61@36 lp/mm, the MTF of off-axis FOV is more than 0.58@36 lp/mm, and the maximum distortion is -1.95%, , which satisfies the pre-designed requirement. Its structure is compact, and feasible for applying in space remote sensing.