To study the process and properties of laser deposition repair(LDR) ZL114A aluminum alloy samples, the basic process experiment of multi parameter combination was accomplished by laser single-pass process, on the basis of analyzing surface features, the reasons of gas porosity, a set of optimized process parameters were obtained, and defect-free block specimens were prepared, microstructure analysis and hardness testing of the samples were carried out. Results show that the repair area and the substrate form a good metallurgical combination. α-Al columnar dendrites took melt pool edge as a starting point at the bottom of the deposition layer. The primary dendrites arm spacing was 18.38 μm and the distance between dendrite crystal was 9.55 μm. On the top of the deposited layers, α-Al dendrite columnar crystal was changed into equiaxed dendrite microstructure. Si phase was precipitated and tended to be spheroidize in the layer band of the repaired zone. Due to the function of grain refinement and solution strengthening, the micro-hardness of the deposited area was 25.8% higher than that of the substrate.