Sponsored by the project named “National Aeronautic Remote Sensing System”, an airborne two-wavelength polarization lidar is designed for detecting three-dimensional distributions of atmospheric aerosols. The field campaign, as well as the structures and key parameters of the lidar system are described. The preliminary result shows that this airborne lidar is well constructed and robust which can provide a significant airborne remote sensing platform for monitoring the aerosol’s optical and physical properties.