To achieve full-field measurement of composite surface objects and expand the measurement range, this paper proposes a system parameter calibration method using a specular and diffuse calibration plate. This method captures phase information and calibration data for both specular and diffuse reflections at the same pixel point. Initially, a specular and diffuse calibration plate with a checkerboard pattern and known marker distances is designed and manufactured. Using the unique configuration of the calibration plate, the complete reference phase is derived through external parameter constraints and spline interpolation, facilitated by limit translation. Subsequently, spatial distance, system parameters, and the relationship between pixel position and horizontal coordinates XY are calibrated pixel-by-pixel within the same coordinate system. The 3D morphology of the composite surface object is then reconstructed using the complete reference phase and pixel-by-pixel calibration data. Experimental results indicate that this method extends the measurement range by 1.5-2 times compared to traditional non-full-field methods. The proposed approach not only maintains measurement accuracy but also enables full-field measurement of 3D morphology of discontinuous composite surfaces, proving to be of significant practical value for measuring the 3D morphology of composite surface objects.