The organic isooctyltriethoxysilane (TS) and inorganic nanosilicon dioxide (nano-SiO2) were combined to prepare monolithic superhydrophobic hydraulic concrete by "binary synergistic" biomimetic method, and the effects of TS dosage and curing conditions on the mechanical properties and hydrophobicity properties of concrete were investigated. The microscopic morphology, phase composition and hydrophobic modification mechanism of materials were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). The results show that the curing conditions have a large influence on the hydrophobicity of concrete. Under natural curing conditions, when TS dosage reaches 3% (mass fraction), the concrete all exhibits superhydrophobicity, with a maximum contact angle of 155.6°. The incorporation of nanoparticles promotes cement hydration and enhances compressive strength of specimens. The modified hydraulic concrete has good hydrophobicity, and the water absorption rate decreases by 68.8% in 288 h immersion.