In order to get the relationship between rare earth luminescence fluorescence characteristic parameters (including fluorescence lifetime, intensity and branching ratio) and temperature. The relationship between the particle number distribution of the excited levels and temperature was studied using the typical level structure of rare earth materials and the Boltzmann distribution of thermal equilibrium between the multiple level of excited state. It was found that with the increase of temperature, fluorescence life and branching ratio of high level in excited state are increase too. And the intensity of fluorescence will decrease after increase first due to the influence of non-radiation transition coefficient and energy transfer efficiency. Forwardly, a experiment was designed to measure the fluorescence characteristic parameter of Y(P,V)O4∶Eu3+, pumped at the wavelength of 395 nm, at different temperatures from 95 K to 510 K. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theory conclusion..