Present three-dimensional (3D) display systems based on integral imaging have small field of view and low resolution of reconstructed images. To overcome these limitations, a flexible microlens array structure with different numerical apertures suitable for curved integral imaging 3D display is designed and successfully built on curved screen. The optical simulation software of Trace Pro is used to establish a curved integral imaging 3D display system model. Further, the influence of the numerical aperture of the microlens on the reconstruction performance of the curved integral imaging 3D display system is investigated. The results show that for microlens with a constant size and thickness, the larger the numerical aperture, the better the quality of the reconstructed image and larger the field of view. However, if the numerical aperture of the flexible microlens array is 0.376, the reconstructed image will have a higher resolution. Moreover, when the field of view reaches 60°, the reconstructed image is still clear. For simulation verification, flexible microlens arrays with different numerical apertures are prepared and a prototype of the curved integral imaging system is constructed. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results.