Optical lattice clocks based on optical frequency transitions of neutral atoms have demonstrated excellent system stability and uncertainty in recent years and are one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of “second” replications. With the improvement of the performance of ground optical lattice clocks, the transportable optical lattice clock, which can operate outside the laboratory, has been realized, and the space optical lattice clock that can operate in space is being developed. In this paper, we review the key factors affecting the stability and accuracy of optical lattice clocks and the main techniques to suppress or eliminate these factors. The technical characteristics and research progress of ground optical lattice clocks, portable optical lattice clocks and space optical lattice clocks are reviewed.