Mantis shrimp eyes have a powerful vision system with multi-spectrum and polarization detection capabilities. Bionic studies were carried out based on the microvilli arrays structure of mantis shrimp eyes. For the problems of energy utilization and the spatial resolution in the polarization detection, the structure of micro-villi array of bionic mantis shrimp eyes was studied. The structure of aperture array photonic crystal was studied to realize the integration of polarization filtering and spectral filtering. According to the spectral filtering and absorbing characteristics of the microvilli array, the bionic structure based on the nano wire grids was researched on, which can absorb spectrum and polarization at the same time. Based on the microstructure with orthogonal microvilli of rhabdom in mantis shrimp eyes, the orthogonal nano wire grids was used as the basis of the bionic structure to realize the unit pixel bidirectional polarization absorption.