Near-Earth Asteroid （NEA） impact on the Earth is a major potential catastrophic threat to humanity for a long time.Based on monitoring，early warning and risk assessment，in-orbit disposal （active defense）is the best way to prevent and resolve the NEA impact risk.This paper provides an overview of the current situation and development trends of international response to risk of NEA，and introduces the main work progress since China launched the NEA impact risk response project since 2020.The research progresses on kinetic energy impact deflection technology in China from the aspects of experiment，numerical simulation and theoretical modeling were highlighted.The first demonstration and verification mission of NEA kinetic impact defense in China is prospected，and suggestions for the further development of the capability and technologies for NEA defense on-orbit disposal was put forward.