In order to study the effects of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil enzyme activities during the vegetation degradation process, the field experiments were conducted in marsh meadow of Gahai Wetland on the eastern edge of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The main results were as follows: vegetation degradation significantly affected SOC content and soil enzyme activity, reduced SOC content and enzymatic reaction efficiency, and this effect varied with soil depth. The weighted mean values of organic carbon content and soil enzymes activity in 0-100 cm layers varied in different stages of vegetation degradation of marsh meadow, following an order of non-degradation > light degradation > moderate degradation > heavy degradation. In different soil layers, the organic carbon content in 20-40 cm soil layer was moderate degradation > light degradation, and the activity of amylase and cellobiose in 0-10 cm soil layer was moderate degradation > light degradation. In 20-100 cm soil layer, the activity values of invertase were the highest in heavy degradation stage, and the activity values of fiber disaccharidase showed heavy degradation > moderate degradation. With increasing soil layers, SOC content, invertase and fiber disaccharidase activity decreased significantly (P<0.05), while amylase and cellulase activities showed a fluctuating downward trend on the whole, and enzyme activity value increased slightly in the > 40 cm soil layer.