An enhanced cable force sensor based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is proposed. The base of the sensor is a cylindrical ring-shaped elastic body, three groups of Hui word beams are arranged on the ring at 120° intervals, and 6 FBGs are pasted sequentially on the Hui word beams in three groups. Moreover, an FBG is pasted on the sensor substrate for comparative experiments. Finite element analysis is used to study the strain distribution characteristics of the elastomer, and the difference in the wavelength drift of the three groups of FBG is used as the output signal of the sensor to realize the measurement of anchor cable stress and temperature-compensation. The pressure test results show that the sensitivity of the output signal of FBG on the matrix is 0.75 pm/kN, while that of the output signal of FBG on the Hui word beam is 33.53 pm/kN. The sensitization effect is remarkable, and the sensor has good linearity and temperature-compensation ability.