To alleviate the dependence of binocular camera on high-accuracy target during calibration, achieve precise calibration of camera parameters and implement high-accuracy reconstruction of space coordinates, a GPS-based method for binocular camera calibration and space coordinate reconstruction is introduced, in which GPS instead of 2D or 3D targets is used to carry out the camera calibration.Through arbitrarily moving the GPS at the shooting site, multiple images with GPS are shot by calibrated camera; based on the mapping relation between spatial 3D coordinates and 2D image coordinates, the binocular camera parameters are calibrated and precise reconstruction of space coordinates is carried out by combining camera imaging model with calibration theory of binocular camera; finally, the reconstruction accuracy is tested in accordance with relative distance error between the space reconstruction coordinates and actual measurement values. The reconstruction results of proposed method are compared with the true data obtained by the GPS,and the results indicate that the method can help binocular camera to overcome the dependence on high-accuracy targets and equip the space reconstruction coordinates with relatively high accuracy, with a relative distance error decreased from 1.56% to 0.52%.