Considering the disadvantages of particle swarm optimization algorithm in aerial target tracking stochastic dominance elite fission algorithm was proposed. After the fission of the parent body weight value particle individual space was formed which covered with small weight particle. Then the elitist strategy was adopted for calculating the probability of an individual being selected made the most of fine individuals participate in evolution. The crowding distance was calculated out with minimum Euclidean distance and the distribution function was used to determine the sampling data of stochastic dominance relation. Finally the aerial target motion model was given. The experimental simulation showed that: 1) the filtering trajectoriy is approximate to the aerial target moving trajectory; and 2) the tracking effect is satisfactory during the entire observation area.