The research on laser combustion diagnostic techniques is reviewed. The fundamental principles and experimental systems of Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS), Spontaneous Vibration Raman Scattering (SVRS), Laser-induced Fluorescence (LIF), Molecular Filtered Rayleigh Scattering (FRS), Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) etc., are presented. The measured main parameters of temperature, species concentration, density and structures in the premixed stable flame and solid fuel combustion are also given. The measured results indicate that laser spectroscopy-based diagnostic techniques can be used in premixed flame for high precision measurements, and are well suitable for the diagnostics of more complex transient combustion.