We investigate dry and liquid film-assisted laser cleaning methods and elucidate the influence of laser power on the state of a specimen surface. We also compare the derusting mechanisms of the two methods. The results denote that both the aforementioned methods can effectively eliminate the rusting layer on a sample surface,and the effect of liquid film-assisted laser cleaning at low power is better than that of the dry laser cleaning. The optimized liquid film-assisted laser cleaning process parameters include a laser power of 400 W, pulse frequency of 10 kHz, and pulse width of 30 ns. Under these conditions, the oxygen content of the sample surface is reduced to 3.38%,and the surface roughness is observed to be 3.04 μm.