A low-density and high strength ceramic proppant was prepared using secondary bauxite (Al₂O₃ mass fraction 70.3%) and fly ash as raw materials, with different content of dolomite as additive, at a sintering temperature of 1 350 ℃. The solid waste fly ash was effectively utilized, and the influence of dolomite on the grain development and properties of ceramic proppants was investigated. The influence of dolomite content on the microstructure and physical properties of bauxite-fly ash based ceramic proppants was studied through characterization methods such as XRD, SEM, and physical performance testers. The results show that the addition of appropriate content of dolomite can significantly promote the growth and development of rod-shaped mullite, and reduce the crushing rate of ceramic proppants. In addition, the formation of closed pores within the matrix can reduce the bulk density and apparent density of ceramic proppants. When the addition content of dolomite is 6%(mass fraction), the prepared ceramic proppants has the best performance, with a bulk density of 1.45 g/cm³, an apparent density of 2.60 g/cm³, and a crushing rate of 6.5% at 35 MPa.