Based on the temperature measurement principles of double line of atomic emission spectrum, the photoelectric pyrometer based on silicon photomultiplier is proposed, and the structure and temperature measurement principle of the photoelectric pyrometer are introduced. Al I 690.6 nm and Al I 708.5 nm are selected from the atomic spectra database as the temperature measurement element spectral lines. The temperatures of aluminum burnt in pure oxygen are obtained by photoelectric thermometer and compared with temperatures measured by the thermocouple. The results show that the average relative error of temperatures measured by the two methods is 1.5%, which proves the feasibility of the proposed method.