The surface plasma produced by the collective oscillation of conducting electrons in metal nanostructures can redistribute the electromagnetic field in time and space and redistribute the excited carriers. Graphene materials were prepared by the mechanical stripping method. The distribution of the layers in the two-dimensional region was studied by Raman spectroscopy. SERS enhancement of 2-naphthalene mercaptan (2-NT) as probe molecule on graphene substrate was studied. The results show that the Raman signal of the 2-NT molecule is enhanced on the graphene surface, and the SERS enhancement effect of graphene increases with the decrease of the number of layers. Based on graphene catalytic substrate, with the aid of SERS technology, the fingerprint is common. The photocatalytic reaction of 4,4’-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) is generated by the real-time monitoring of p-Nitrobenzene thiophenol (4NBT) as a probe molecule driven by local surface plasma. Then, under the same experimental conditions, the DMAB can be produced by reverse chemical reaction under the plasma drive to generate para aminothiophenol (PATP) in situ. A uniform probe molecule 4NBT was assembled on the surface of a graphene catalytic substrate. The light Cui reaction was carried out by a certain wavelength focused laser to generate a new molecule DMAB. By this means, the specific DMAB molecular distribution or letters and Chinese characters information can be drawn on the micro nano-scale, and the micro nano-scale graphics drawing, and information encryption can be realized. Then, the graphics can be displayed and decrypted by mapping and two-dimensional imaging with the characteristic peak intensity of DMAB. In addition, the reverse photocatalytic reaction can be carried out by adding sodium borohydride on the encrypted substrate under the action of surface plasma and stimulated light to erase the micro nano scale graph and encrypted information.