A new method was proposed for target identification with static Fourier interferometer. Considering the complex structure of mechanical scanning interferometer and the poor stability of identification, a remote detection technique for target identification based on the static spectrum analysis is proposed. Using the static scanning technique to replace mechanical scanning of optical path and applying spectrum analysis method to analyze the interference fringes, the target identification in the bad environment in the wide range field of view was realized. By the simulation computation, the present work obtained the spectroradiometric function with temperature, wavelength and the air transmittance as the parameters, and got the characteristic of data from difference background radiation. The spectrum D-value function shows the energy of the spectrum in different situation. Performing experiments with the AViiVA-M2 CCD camera, Static Fourier Interferometer, and 1 m×1 m iron-sheet as the target separately at different time in one day, with different probing range, and under different background condition, the limited distance in each situation was obtained by the system. According to the result of experiment and spectrum data analysis, the target identification mothod with difference spectrum is feasible, and the average probability of detection is 92.8%.