To address the problem of autonomous positioning for deep space probe，an optimal selection method of optical information under the fusion positioning of angle measurement and navigation satellite ranging is proposed.The characteristics of optical angle measurement and navigation satellite ranging are analyzed，and a fusion positioning scheme of angle measurement and navigation satellite ranging is designed to realize the high-precision absolute positioning.On this basis，in view of the measurement accuracy of the sensor and the measurement geometry，the overall observability and relative observability of the angle measurement information are designed，the evaluation function of the angle measurement information is constructed，and the heuristic algorithm is used to optimize the selection of the angle measurement combination.Finally，numerical simulation is carried out，and the obtained results show that the designed optical selection method of optical information can effectively improve the navigation performance.