In order to achieve an efficient solar pumping system, it is necessary to design a pumping cavity with both low thermal shock and high light concentration. In this paper, the two-stage pumping system of Fresnel lens and vase shaped pumping cavity is established by using TracePro software, and the optimum diameter of entering window, position of entering window, caliber of exit window, diameter of vase waist, position of vase waist and length of crystal rod are optimized for high efficiency and more homogenous pump energy distribution. Through theoretical calculation, the pump threshold power of 60 mm crystal rod is 4.568 W/m ², the output power of the optimal system structure is 18.21 W, and the focal length of thermal lens is 31.0 cm. In comparison with the conic cavity, the axial temperature distribution curves of the crystal rod under the two kinds of cavity shape are obtained. By comparison, it is found that the vase cavity has obvious advantages in reducing thermal shock and improving pump light uniformity. The optimal design of this paper provides a new idea for follow-up experiments.