With the rapid development of the fourth generation reactor, the requirements for wear and corrosion resistance of key equipment in the reactor are becoming increasingly strict. The metal ceramic composite coating combines the good wear and corrosion resistance of ceramics with the good ductility and thermal conductivity of metals, and has a wide application prospect in the field of key reactor equipment. This article uses laser cladding technology to prepare metal ceramic composite coatings of Al2O3 and ZrO2 ceramics with 316L stainless steel. The change rate of Al2O3 and ZrO2 ceramic composition in different composite coatings is 20%. The microstructure, Rockwell hardness, and wear performance of the prepared composite coating material were analyzed using optical microscopy, electric Rockwell hardness tester, and friction and wear testing machine. The experimental results show that the metal ceramic bonding effect in the prepared composite coating is good, and there are no obvious defects inside the material. The hardness of metal ceramic functionally gradient materials is positively correlated with the content of ceramic components. As the content of ceramic components increases, the overall hardness and wear resistance of the material correspondingly improve.