This study investigates the degradation of pyridine in coal chemical wastewater using electron beam (EB) irradiation and explores the impacts of absorbed dose, initial pyridine concentration, and pH. We examined the efficacy of EB irradiation alone and in combination with oxidizing agents (H₂O₂, PMS, O₃) on pyridine degradation, the performance of EB synergistic process and the mechanism of pyridine by EB irradiation were studied. Our findings reveal that at an initial pyridine concentration of 50 mg/L, absorbed dose of 5.0 kGy, and pH=7.0, the removal and mineralization efficiencies reached 90.88% and 6.05%, respectively. The addition of oxidizing agents significantly enhanced these efficiencies; removal rates were 94% with H₂O₂, 96% with PMS, and 93% with O₃, while mineralization rates were 12%, 9.3%, and 10%, respectively. The EB combined with PMS showed the highest degradation performance, followed by EB/H₂O₂, EB/O₃, and EB alone. Quenching experiments confirmed that the degradation mechanisms involve ?OH, e_aq^-, and H? radicals, with ?OH playing a major role in attacking and breaking down the pyridine ring.