In this study, a pure iron (Fe)-based alloy cladding layer and Fe-based alloy cladding layers containing tungsten carbide (WC) particles with mass fractions of 3%, 6%, and 9% are fabricated on an AISI H13 hot-working die steel surface, and the WC is used as reinforcing phase particle. The WC particle distribution, microstructure, phase, and wear behaviors of the cladding layers are studied based on the optimized parameters of the laser cladding layers. Results reveal the existence of a good metallurgical bond between the substrate and cladding layer. The cladding layer is mainly composed of dendrites and eutectic. Upon adding WC particles, the structure around the WC particles gets refined. The Fe-based cladding layer becomes hard because of the hard-phase formation, and its wear resistance considerably improves compared to the substrate. Hardness and wear resistance of the layer are further improved when the WC mass fraction reaches 3%, 6%, and 9%. The wear mechanism of the cladding layer is mainly abrasive wear, accompanied by different degrees of adhesion wear. The oxidation wear gradually deepens when the WC mass fraction increases.