To investigate the factors affecting the visual experience with the TV Ambilight system more deeply, this paper establishes a TV Ambilight simulation system based on the LED light distribution model. The measurement and comparison results show that the simulation system can simulate the light distribution and color fusion of real Ambilight accurately. Experiments designed and accomplished by the simulation system are employed to investigate the factors affecting the perception of Ambilight light effects. The visual perception experimental results indicate that the related factors of LED light intensity and distribution range exert a significant (p<0.01) effect on the visual experience of Ambilight effects. However, other factors including the number of LED layers, LED grouping methods, and selected content width have little impact (p>0.05). The proposed simulation model and preliminary research results can provide a theoretical reference for the design and manufacture of real TV Ambilight systems.