A subwavelength porous structure for SiO2 anti-reflection coatings was fabricated on a glass substrate by dip coating method, which has a feature size of 90 nm and could be tuned the max-transmission wavelength from visible to infrared regions by different withdraw velocities. The effects of colloidal emulsion concentration and substrate lift velocity on the transmission spectrum of the subwavelength porous coating were researched and the best fabrication method for high efficiency anti-reflection in different wavelengths was explored. On the basis of effective medium theory (EMT), the optical properties of the sub-wavelength nano-porous silica antireflection coating were analyzed. The results show that the control of duty ratio of subwavelength porous structure can change the refractive index of equivalent membrane layer and can realize the high efficiency anti-reflection. The surface topography of the porous SiO2 anti-reflection coating was characterized by a scanning electron microscopy and the duty ratio of SiO2 nanometer-particles was obtained by image processing. The research results indicate that different lifting speeds will obtain corresponding equivalent coatings with different refractive indexes and different transmitting indexes in a certain range. The max-transmission efficiency through the substrate of the sub-wavelength nanometer porous silica coating is increased to 99.8%. By controlling the thickness of coating layer, the effective turning implements from visible to infrared regions, and the Nd: YAG laser damage threshold of the antireflection coating exceeds 21.74 J/cm2 at 1 064 nm.