Laser line scanning technology is primarily used for surface inspection of mechanical parts and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of objects. Many relief artifacts cannot be reconstructed owing to the absence of digital models; however, laser line scanning can perform relief reversal and generate a 3D model for the processing of these relief artifacts. In this study, a robot and line laser are combined to obtain point cloud data and reconstruct a 3D digital model of reliefs. To calculate the scanning path of a robot, a 3D reconstruction system based on the size of the reference model is constructed, and the robot is combined with the laser line scan to obtain the point cloud data of the relief. The point cloud data is preprocessed, and then the point cloud data with robot error is compensated according to the reference plane. Based on the derived iterative closest point (GICP) algorithm, the point cloud is automatically stitched and postprocessed. The 3D model is then reconstructed according to the Delaunay triangulation and surface reconstruction algorithms. The experiments were performed with an eagle relief as the reconstruction object. The experimental results show that implementing path scanning in point cloud stitching provides an easy to execute process, with 40.48% improvement in the accuracy after data rectification and significant error compensation. Additionally, the average standard deviation between the reconstructed relief and reference model is 0.0576 mm, meeting the requirements of the reconstruction effort.