As rock-breaking technology advances, the limitations of traditional explosive methods are increasingly evident. The liquid oxygen energy storage method, a new non-explosive technique, presents an uncertain blasting mechanism and scientific challenges that must be addressed. Field vibration tests were conducted to analyze the variation trends and the decay characteristics of peak vibration velocities in particles to further characterize the liquid oxygen energy storage rock-breaking blasts and address the challenges of applying empirical methods on-site. Additionally, indoor small-scale blasting experiments were performed to identify key parameters for small liquid oxygen charges. The experimental results reveal that the liquid oxygen energy storage effectively fractures rocks while maintaining low dust and noise levels. Peak particle vibration velocities at 3 m, 6 m, and 10 m under single blast conditions were 3.04, 1.24, and 0.62 cm/s, respectively. The small-scale charge tests reveal that for the liquid oxygen charge to detonate successfully and effectively fracture the rock, appropriate inflation time and pressure are required to prevent detonation and other issues. Increased inflation time and pressure lead to more significant adsorption of liquid oxygen by the charge's absorbent, facilitating saturation and enhancing detonation probability. Overall, the liquid oxygen energy storage method stands out due to its low vibration, environmental friendliness, and non-polluting nature, marking a significant potential advancement in engineering blasting.