In order to test the performances of different color matching functions, 16 pairs of nearly metamerism color patches based on gray, brown, purple and blue were prepared, and 14 observers with normal color vision were organized to compare the color difference with the psychological method of comparison. The results indicated that the spectral response of the older observers will decrease and the performance of the CIE1931 outperform the CIE1964. In different color regions, the color matching functions have different performances. For the description and assessment of gray, purple and blue colors, even though the viewing fields is larger than 4°, the performance of the CIE1931 still outperforms the CIE1964. The existing CIE2006, which considering the eye-lens and macular pigment optical density variations, have been improved than the CIE1931 and CIE1964.The further work can intensify the macular pigment optical density for the accuracy improvement compared with the visual response.