A high spatial resolution, high velocity resolution all-fiber laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) based on heterodyne detection for vibration measurements is reported. A linewidth of 1-kHz single-mode continuous fiber laser, polarization-preserving fiber, and a telescope with 30-mm aperture are used in this LDV. With the inphase-quadrature circuit and the digital differentiating discriminator, a high velocity resolution of 96.9 nm/s and a high displacement resolution of 2.5 pm are obtained simultaneously with a glass attached to a piezoceramic transducer. These values correspond to the measurement uncertainties of vibration velocity and displacement within 4.14% and 4.6%, respectively.