In order to study the environmental characteristics and verify the theoretical research results on the inbound and outbound vibrations of a metro train, an acceleration variation model was built was established based on the measured vibration data In time domain, the peak ground accelerations, acceleration amplitude variation and the duration of the vibration were analyzed.In addition, the frequency distribution of train vibration energy and the characteristics of acceleration vibration level were analyzed in frequency domain.The results show that the outbound vibration peak of the train tends to be larger than the inbound vibration peak.Besides, the track vibration mitigation measures have attenuated the high frequency contents of the vertical vibration component, while the horizontal high frequency component is retained, so that the vertical and horizontal vibration peaks are close to each other when the train is running at a low speed.Furthermore, the acceleration vibration levels of different measuring points are different at varying frequencies.However, the acceleration level curves of the inbound and outbound vibrations are very similar for the same measurement location.After comparison, analysis results based on the measured data are consistent with those of theoretical research.