To achieve the photoelectric controllable characteristics of Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) resonant frequency, a photoelectric controllable FSS is put forward in this paper. The photoconductive thin film is used to control the change of the structure size of FSS, so as to realize the controllability of FSS. This thesis starts from the theory of the photoconductive thin film and the principle of the characteristics that FSS can select frequency. The CST software was used to simulate three kinds of FSS: “tripole” slot-element, “circular” slot-element, “tripole” patch-element, and get the selecting frequency characteristics of different structure sizes. The simulation result shows that, with the changing structure size, the center resonant frequency of the FSS changes from 18 GHz, 25 GHz, and 20.5 GHz to 20.5 GHz, 29 GHz, and 16.5 GHz respectively. Finally, the metallic FSS with the unchanged structure size, and the FSS of the metal and the photoconductive thin film combined, were fabricated by coating, etching, electron beam evaporation and so on. Test the samples and the result shows that the center resonant frequency changes from 18 GHz, 24 GHz, 20 GHz into 20 GHz, 28 GHz, 17 GHz. Compared with the simulation results, the trend is about the same. Ultimately, we can draw the conclusion: in this way, not only can we realize the characteristic of controlling the center resonant frequency, but also we can achieve the conversion of slot-element or patch-element in the structure of FSS.