With the prosperity and progress of anti-jamming technology, traditional jamming technologies represented by barrage and deception jamming are facing challenges. Therefore, a distributed ultra-wideband (UWB) electromagnetic pulse jamming technology based on low-orbit satellites is proposed in this paper. Compared with the traditional jammers, UWB electromagnetic pulse jamming is a new type of electromagnetic attack system. Initially, the power spectrum of repetitive UWB electromagnetic pulse is derived. Furthermore, the feasibility of distributed jamming technology is evaluated, and the transmit power required for distributed jamming based on low-orbit satellites is calculated. Finally, the effect of a low noise amplifier (LNA) in the navigation receiver is investigated in the UWB electromagnetic pulse jamming experiment, and the constellation layout of the low-orbit satellite for carrying jammers at mid-low latitudes is designed by Satellite Tool Kit (STK). The experimental results show that temporary gain compression occurs in the LNA under the jamming of the UWB electromagnetic pulse. UWB single pulse with a width of 0.7 ns can suppress the navigation signal by nearly 400 ns after through the LNA, and the signal can be completely suppressed under repetitive frequency. Consequently, the distributed UWB electromagnetic pulse jamming system based on low-orbit satellites can effectively enhance the jamming effect, which has the potential to achieve full coverage of the target area.