The medium-wave and long-wave infrared polarization imaging systems were set up separately based on medium-wave and long-wave cooled focal plane detectors, which have the characteristic of high sensitivity.Choosing typical targets at some particular scenes, infrared polarization imaging experiments were carried out and some effective experimental data were obtained.The results show that:1) the long-wave infrared polarization imaging is more liable to be disturbed by the water vapor, but is better at the characteristics of mean gray scales and gradient; and 2) the performance of medium-wave infrared polarization imaging on anti-jamming from cloud and detecting camouflage nets is better than that of the long-wave infrared polarization imaging.Considering their characteristics, we can select medium-wave or long-wave infrared polarization imaging system according to the requirement.