The friction wear testing machine is applied in the friction and wear experiments and the weight of the parts before and after experiments are compared in order to investigate the variance of friction coefficients and wear rates under different conditions. In order to study the wear mechanism, the surface structure and morphology of CoCrMo parts before and after experiments are observed by the metalloscope and the scanning electron microscope, respectively. The results show that, under the respective lubrication condition of dry friction, sodium chloride (NaCl) or artificial saliva, the wear rate of the front face of the SLM manufactured parts is 27.92%, 21.15% or 19.03% lower than that of the casting parts, and 26.97%, 10.88% or 14.97% lower than that of the lateral face. Compared with casting parts, the SLM manufactured parts have a uniform surface structure on which there nearly no holes. Under the condition of dry friction, abrasive wear dominates. In contrast, under the lubrication conditions of NaCl and artificial saliva, abrasive wear and fatigue wear dominate. These findings provide the basis for the application of the SLM manufactured CoCrMo alloy in medical implants.