Under the background of incomplete factor market and farmers' differentiation, this paper explores the internal behavior logic between different types of farmers, technical constraints of cultivated land protection and technical choices, in order to provide reference for the sustainable development of cultivated land quality in China. In this paper, probit and logit methods are used to analyze different types of farmers' willingness to choose technology, behavior logic and differences in technology selection under different constraints. The results show that: pure farmers, class I and class II households have unity in farmland protection intention, but with the increase of non-agricultural income, farmers' farmland protection intention gradually decreases. In the aspect of behavioral logic, there are significant differences in the choice of different types of farmers' cultivated land protection technology. There are asymmetry and deviation between different types of farmers' endowment characteristics and different cultivated land protection technology, which are mainly constrained by different technical attributes and risk preferences. Therefore, in the implementation and application of farmland protection technology, more consideration should be given to different farmers' endowment advantages and risk preference.