In order to analyze the problem of laser quenching on the cylinder circumferential surface, we put forward an arithmetic model considering the influence of residual temperature field of quenched area on the formation of the temperature field of quenching area. A laser beam of uniform intensity is assumed in this arithmetic. Through improving the algorithm based on semi-infinite material under a moving surface heat source, an algorithm of temperature field of laser quenching on cylinder circumferential surface is implemented. And by calculating laser quenching temperature for circumferential surfaces of cylinders with different diameters, the impact of temperature field coupling on the formation of temperature field of laser quenching on the cylinder circumferential surface is analyzed. The result shows that the diameter influences the effect of the coupling of the temperature fields, and then affects the formation of laser quenching temperature field.