In order to optimize the design and calibration of the structural parameters of single stria section contour sensor, a mathematic model that the single stria section contour sensor measures the coordinates of the spatial points is established. The measurement errors of the single stria section contour sensor are analyzed based on the mathematic model and the relationship between the structural parameters of the sensor and the measurement errors is obtained. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the effect of the structural parameters on the measurement accuracy, the criterion for designing the structural parameters of the sensor is given.A practical example of the design and calibration of the structural parameters is introduced to demonstrate its implementation,and the measurement accuracy of the sensor is proved by an experiment. The results indicate that relative depth measurement error of real system is less than 0.3%, and the complex surface reconstructed by real system has a good visual effect.