With the continuous improvement of the convenience of image acquisition and transmission and the rapid popularization of image editing tools, a malicious users can easily shoot, spread, edit and modify digital images to achieve the purpose of malicious behavior or crime. It becomes the key evidence for investigation and collection of evidence and judicial proceedings. The illumination response inconsistency (PRNU) causes by the defects of the image sensor manufacturing process and the unevenness of the silicon wafer is unique and stable for each camera, so it can be used as an effective device fingerprint for image source forensics. First, a comprehensive review of digital image forensics technologies including device fingerprint technology is conducted, and the main application scenarios of device fingerprints are introduced. Then, the basic technical principles of device fingerprint extraction in images is introduced, and the development of device fingerprint extraction technology is summarized. Finally, the problems to be solved and the technology development trend of the device fingerprint extraction technology are discussed.