Daytime and nighttime spaceborne lidar data from CALIOP Version 4.10 Level 1B and Version 4.20 Level 2 products are used to retrieve sea surface wind speed globally in October 2017, January 2018, April 2018, and July 2018. The quasi-synchronous sea surface wind speed observed by the Version 8.2 AMSR-2 product is selected for comparison. Based on the previous studies of sea surface wind speed which focused on the cloud-free data of CALIOP, the data of transparent cloud layers are further used for the retrieval of sea surface wind speed, and the retrieval accuracy maintaines the same level when the data is added significantly. The effects of differences between different sea surface slope distribution models on the retrieval of sea surface wind speed by CALLOP are explored. Furthermore, the Gram-Charlier approximation model with transparent cloud layers at daytime and nighttime is given. Results show that the Gaussian model has relatively small error, while the Gram-Charlier approximation model corrects the effect of kurtosis and skewness, and has better performance when wind speed is low (<3 m·s^-1) or high (>13 m·s^-1). According to results of the Gram-Charlier approximation model with transparent cloud layers, the standard deviations of nighttime data in October 2017, January 2018, April 2018, and July 2018 are 1.22 m·s^-1, 1.33 m·s^-1, 1.20 m·s^-1, and 1.39 m·s^-1, respectively, and the correlation coefficients are 0.92, 0.91, 0.92, and 0.90, respectively. The standard deviations of the daytime data are 1.41 m·s^-1, 1.45 m·s^-1, 1.86 m·s^-1, and 1.69 m·s^-1, respectively, and the correlation coefficients are 0.90, 0.89, 0.86, and 0.87, respectively.