The lithium aluminosilicate glasses doped with Nd3+ ions are synthesized using the conventional melting and quenching technique at a relatively low melting temperature by introducing approprate additives. Lithium aluminosilicate glasses are converted to glass-ceramics by controlling the nucleation and crystallization process. The samples are characterized by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microsope (SEM), UV-vis-NIR scanning spectrophotometer and fluorescence spectrometer. Three main fluorescence bands centering at about 890 nm, 1065 nm and 1330 nm are observed, which are correspondent to transitions of 4F3/2→4I9/2, 4F3/2→4I11/2 and 4F3/2→4I13/2, respectively. Crystal phases and the grain size of glass-ceramics are found to affect their luminescent characteristics considerably. The fluorescence intensity increases markedly when Nd3+ ions enter the β-eucryptite solid solutions with the grain size in the range of 10～20 nm, and the effective stimulated cross section σin is 1.931×10-21 cm2 at 1065 nm,which increases by 8% in contrast to the host glass. Quenching occurs when Nd3+ ions locate at β-eucryptite solid solution with the grain size close to the visible light wavelength. Quenching disappears after β-eucryptite solid solution are re-crystallized into β-spodumene solid solutions.