There are many obstacles in the working environment of logistics sorting robots, so a research method for autonomous navigation of logistics sorting robots based on laser SLAM is proposed. Using laser SLAM to determine the distribution of obstacles in the robot’s working environment; Add the target bias strategy to the RRT * algorithm, and by setting fixed and variable probability target bias strategies, make the path nodes more directional when traversing the target points, better avoiding collisions between robots and obstacles, and then use the search random tree to search for the shortest path among them. Comparative experiments have shown that compared with conventional methods, this method can guide the robot to follow the shortest path between the starting point and the target point, and the navigation process takes less time, resulting in an error rate and energy consumption of about 5% for robot autonomous navigation.