According to the shortages existing in passively color image quality assessment currently, this paper researched the five parameters of color image feature quality perceived by human visual: average contrast, average information entropy, mean brightness(gray level),average level factor, and average bandwidth factor. On the basis of research mentioned above, the quality assessment function of color image(CAF) actively based on disturbance transform was constructed. It found that CAF was the functions of disturbance parameters Delta and Theta. Through the transformation of disturbance parameters, the overall quality evaluation function of color image would achieve the maximum value of CAF, so that the single color image quality could be assessed and improved. Several kinds of color images with narrower band, wider band and whole band spectra were assessed, and it demonstrates that the active assessment method of color image quality by considering the average bandwidth factor and average hierarchy factor conforms to the requirement of human visual subjective evaluation, and can allow the color image obtained by disturbance transformation to be more soft and more hierarchical. This method can not only evaluate the quality of single color image , but also can improve the color image quality by disturbance transformation.