Based on frequency demodulation method, a novel fiber Bragg grating (FBG) velocimeter which can achieve wind speed and temperature synchronous measurement is proposed in this paper. The wind speed and temperature synchro-nous measurement is realized by cup anemometer (CA) signal modulation and Hilbert-Huang transformation (HHT) signal processing. The working principle of the novel FBG velocimeter is demonstrated and its theory calculation model is also set up by using basic mechanical knowledge and blade element momentum (BEM). Further, calibration experiment is carried out on one prototype of the FBG velocimeter to obtain its measurement performance. HHT is in-troduced to deal with calibration experiment data. After data analyses, the results show that the novel FBG velocimter can achieve high-precision wind speed measurement of 0.012 m/s with minimum detection limit of 0.41 m/s, and its temperature detection precision is 10.6 pm/°C.