The spectral relative phase is directly derived from the spectrally resolved interferogram by the Fourier transform method. Furthermore, the spectral absolute phase can also be found. The spectral absolute phase is used to measure the refractive index. In addition, the group index and the derivatives of the refractive index with respect to the wavelength are given through the polynomial fitting process. The measured results are compared with the published data and the new measurement results of the water are given for the wavelength larger than 1.3 \mum.