The carbon fiber composite material is used for the requirements of the environment and weight reduction for the electro-optical platform equipment. Based on two kinds of methods of theoretical calculation and finite element analysis about material performances, the thin-walled shell test structure performance of the carbon fiber composite material is compared, the correctness of two methods are verified, which provides a theoretical support for the thin-walled shell structural design of the carbon fiber composite material. The two methods are used to design the thin-walled shell product of the carbon fiber composite material. Through testing the structure performances of the product, the reliability of the theoretical calculation and finite element simulation analysis are confirmed, which have higher application value in the structural design of the thin-walled shell of the carbon fiber composite material.