Aerial target intention recognition is an important part of the battlefield situation assessment, which is directly related to the operational decision-making of the commanders. However, the target's information measured in a complicated combat field is from multiple sources and involves many uncertain factors. In this paper, an aerial target intention recognition approach is proposed based on Belief-Rule-Base (BRB) and Evidential Reasoning (ER). Firstly, a new target intention recognition model based on BRB-ER for multi-source information fusion is presented. Then, a multi-parameter optimization model is established to optimize the initial parameters for improving the recognition precision. Finally, a case study is examined to validate the efficiency of the proposed approach. The result shows that it can recognize the aerial targets'intentions precisely.