The new generation of submarine optical cable communication network will not only have the communication function of the traditional submarine optical cable communication network, but also provide plug and play, stable and reliable information transmission and power supply for submarine users. It can be used as a common information infrastructure for application systems such as submarine observation, navigation and positioning, and submarine communication. Focusing on the construction of a new generation of submarine optical cable communication network, this paper carries out preliminary basic research for the underwater internet of things required to serve various submarine prefabricated systems and unmanned autonomous systems in the future, introduces the latest development of the latest submarine optical cable information transmission network and its related equipment, as well as the development trend in this field, and finally points out the difficulties faced by the current submarine optical cable network.