In order to solve the problem of significant errors in the classic Distance Vector-Hop (DV-Hop) positioning algorithm, an improved DV-Hop extension algorithm based on multi-communication radius correction for calculating unknown node positions is proposed. By grading and refining the number of hops between multiple communication radii and neighboring/beacon nodes in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the precise number of hops for mobile Internet of Things (IoT) sensing positioning is determined, which corrects the irregular multi-level communication radii of the network topology. The research results show that under different communication radii, the positioning error of this algorithm is reduced by about 36.78%, 10.63% and 21.15% compared to that of traditional DV-Hop, Improved Salp Swarm Algorithm DV-Hop (ISSA_DV-Hop) and Differential Evolution DV-Hop (DEDV-Hop) algorithms, respectively; under different numbers of beacon nodes, the positioning error of this algorithm is reduced by an average of about 33.17%, 15.36%, and 21.07% compared to that of the three algorithms mentioned above. This indicates that the DV-Hop correction algorithm can improve the positioning accuracy of mobile IoT sensing, reduce data errors without adding hardware, and ensure that the average hop distance of unknown nodes in WSN is more in line with the actual DV-Hop positioning algorithm and network sensing requirements.